The deep inside the mighty sea

DEEP SEA                          Kaarthik.A

      Sometimes living in the world seems to be boring for us, as we the humans have already discovered most of the things in the world ,but still there is a place where the humans have not discovered completely. That is the deep sea. All the people irrespective of their ages loves to play at sea shore. But have we ever concerned about what is inside the deepest point of the ocean. The deepest point in Ocean that have been ever discovered in humanity is a great Mariana Trench. It is of 35,814 feet below the sea level. Even the depth of the Mariana is more than the height of tallest peak in the world I.e the Everest. So in this article we are going to have a detailed look about the deep sea that have been still discovered..

MARIANA TRENCH:

        The Mariana trench is located somewhere near the Philippines and the Guam in the Pacific ocean. It was first observed by Lt. Don Walsh and Jacques Piccard who were U.S Navy submariner and explorer respectively. The submarine is constructed in such a way that it can sustain up to 8 tons of pressure per square inch, I.e.. It is similar like holding 1072 kilograms of mass in your fingernail. The five Inch steel wall in the submarine helped it to sustain deep inside the sea despite having a huge pressure.

OCEAN:

      From the outer space, compared to other planets the earth seems to be so magnificent, this uniqueness is because of the 70% of the ocean in the world which gleams in the space like a diamond. Despite being as a saline water, the life in the ocean is habitable. About 2% of living organisms in the world is in the oceans and 90% of the living organisms in the oceans  are situated on the first 200 metres of the ocean which is considered as the top surface of the ocean and the remaining lives under the depth of the darkness.

          When dive inside sea, first we would be able to see numerous fishes swimming over the water and mainly the sea plants and coral reefs. The lives in the sea became only possible only with the sea plants. The growth plants only became possible in the sea because of the sunlight that can easily penetrate inside the outer most layer of the sea which is a prominent requirement for the photosynthesis. Apart from these living organisms there are also millions and billions of microbes which we can’t see with our naked eyes. If we dive even more deeper we will come to see barren lands with some sharks and squids roaming over there, as well some fishes consider this as a hidden place from its predators, from here the sunlight slowly starts to fade.

JOURNEY TO THE DARKNESS:

           The distance as we have still covered now is just 3% of what the distance we need to travel to the Mariana trench. After a bit travel, deep into the water we will reach the twilight zone where the penetration of the sunlight decreases  and here is the place where the greatest Scuba Diving has ever done. The pressure here would be similar like placing 200 cars above you. Here the organisms living use a chemical named bioluminescence to generate light which is the foremost weapon to hunt other organisms and to survive in this great depth. Approximately by 700 m below we could encounter siphonopores which creates long colonies that would be about 50 meters long but its width is just in a size of a broomstick. With generating bright light in the deep sea, it attracts other organisms and makes it come closer to it and it kills them with its sharp spikes when the prey reaches the distance at which the siphonopores can easily kill them. 

Availability of food:

           The only source of food there is ‘The marine snow’ which consists of dead plants, faecal matter, shells, sand and dust. However It sounds bad, but still proving the proverb ‘something is better than nothing’ , despite starving for food this would be the best source of food for the organisms living there. If we travel a bit deeper, swimming will be more difficult than floating in the outer space. Here you could find a strange 30 centimetres creature which floats through the water without any motion. Unlike the other aquatic creatures, this one has a long stretching arms in its back which could be similar like when you open and close an umbrella. And it can easily suck all the tiny prey around it when it just opens it arms, as well it need to waste much energy for catching prey. Even it has long hair with some bristles over it which brushes the microbes that are present in the water which even gives it an additional snack.

                  As we sink more deeper (I.e. 3800 m deep) we could see the drowned titanic ship. And a little deeper we will reach the land again which is named as ‘Abyssal  plain’. Here we could see rocks, dust and some remains of the marine snow which are consumed by sea cucumber, shrimps, sea worms etc. Even you could find mineral deposits such as manganese nodules. Here even we could find oases that has some active volcanoes which heats up the water to 400°Celsius. As we go more deeper we reach the deepest point of the Abyssal plain. As per the seafloor it is the deepest point, but if you wanna to find the deepest point of the ocean it is just half a way.

30 cm creature with umbrella like structure in the back.

The hadal zone:

                Now we move to the hadal zone. It is a crooked path which only make up around 0.25 of the ocean.  And here, it has one of the extreme environmental conditions, and only extremophiles can live, like ethereal snailfish. It is the only fish which have been ever seen in 8000m depth by the humans. Here We can see sharp mountain like rocks. And finally we reach our destination ,the Mariana trench which is 1.6 km wide. THE CHALLENGER DEEP. It is of 11000 metre deep. The pressure here is similar like holding 1800 elephants on your shoulder. Here we see some creatures like sea cucumbers, white and light pink amphipods as well some plastic bags🙄🙄. This presence of plastic bags was first discovered by scientists in 2018. So this even concludes us that even the remotest place in the world did not even escape from human domination.😂😂

     Hope you guys have enjoyed my article and please leave a comment below which gives me an encouragement for writing my future articles.