ISRO THE FAST GROWING SPACE AGENCY

ISRO THE INDIAN SPACE AGENCY                               kaarthik.A

             For the past few decades there have been a craze among different countries internationally regarding the space exploration. We all might be familiar with some international space agency like NASA, JAXA(Japan space agency), CNSA(Chinese space agency), SpaceX, ESA(European space agency), Roscosmos(Russian space agency) and finally the Indian national committee for space research(INSCOPAR) which then grew and become Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). But you might wonder what makes this ISRO stand unique and special. It is because of the rapid development from their infancy stage till now. Even all the space agency which are well known today was not recognised in their early stages and their development made them famous. But the growth of Indian Space agency was peculiar and inspirational. Let’s see how...

History of ISRO:

         During the period of independence in India, all the people were celebrating freedom, at the same time the whole India was mourning on the division of Pakistan. Poverty, religious violence, lack of education etc.. was dominating entire India. And it was the period, the Indian Space agency was instituted by vikram sarabhai  on 1969 in order to provide proper communication systems (like telephone connection, whether forecast and radio) so that with the help of radio people will get know about all important information and decisions instantly which are discussed by the government, with the weather forecast system they can predict any disasters like cyclone, floods, hurricane etc In advance and telephones to communicate.  To achieve this network connection system they have to launch a satellite. However the country was in a state of penury so that the government was not able to allot sufficient money for the rocket launch. But still they tried their best.

Early rocket launches by ISRO:

         The first few rockets of SLV were launched, but was unsuccessful. And the humorous thing is, those smaller components of the rocket were transported in cycle and the components of the rocket which constitute heavier weight was hauled by bullock carts. When India started to make space missions they were discriminated and underestimated by other countries but now they have achieved to be a successful space agency. As of now ISRO has launched 111 rockets and most of them were successful. Some of their remarkable achievements are aryabhata, GSAT 29, Naif 1, Cartosat 2,3, GSAT 30, Astrocat and PSLV-C37 which carried out 104 satellites to space and even it was considered as the world record for carrying the most number of satellites on the space till 2020 and even the Chandrayan2 which consist of a lunar orbiter as well the vikram lander and it includes the pragyan lunar rover. However the orbiter was a success, but lander and the rover was a failure. The lander was about make smooth landing But at the last time the lander lost it’s connection and was crashed. However as per the data collected chandrayan 2 was 98% of success.

Comparison:

       It was the period NASA made Apollo machine successful. And it was the same period ISRO was born. During that time there were only 3000 workers in ISRO but NASA nearly employed 20000 workers for the Apollo launch. Even the salary per worker in NASA is about 75000 dollars whereas in ISRO the highest salary per person is just 10000 dollars. So this reduces the 40percent of rocket making budget. Even most of the parts of the rocket were manufactured in India itself, so this even reduces the cost of making. And the final thing is NASA spend around 40 billion dollars yearly whereas in India, it is merely about 1 billion dollars. But when it comes to efficiency ISRO is far better than NASA because ISRO mostly achieves the mission in maiden time itself but NASA sometimes takes few times to reach it’s goal.

APOLLO MISSION

Future plans:

The Aditya L1 mission:

          This will be the first ever mission by ISRO to make a study about our sun. This satellite will be around 1500 kg and it will be having seven important parts called papa to study the sun and They have planned to place this satellite on a halo orbit called the Lagrange point which would be 1500000km away from sun. You might raise a question that, if the satellite is placed near the sun then the gravitational pull might suck the satellite. That is why they have selected a point called lagrangian point where the gravitational pull of the sun and the earth are equal, so that the satellite will not be pulled by the sun. This mission is mainly to observe the different layers of the sun like photo sphere, chromosphere and corona (the outer most layer of the sun). Once before, scientists discovered that the inner most layer(photosphere) of the sun which is close to core  is only about 6000° Celsius but the outer most layer of the sun(corona) is about 1million degree Celsius. So this raised the questions among the scientists that how the layer which is located far away from the sun is more hotter than the layer which close to the core. So when this launch is successful then there is a hope to find the answer for this question. This would be probably launched by January 2022.

Chandrayan 3:

             This mission is the descendant of chandrayan 2 which was launched in 2019 to explore the undiscovered southern part of the moon. However the lander Almost lost its connection at the final minute and was collapsed. Anyhow not losing their hope ISRO had decided to make chandrayan 3 on the behalf of its predecessor failure. But this time the launch will be more reliable than chandrayan 2 as they have only planned to launch the lander and rover alone. This is because already the orbiter of the chandrayan 2 was a success and there was no need for it. The Launching date is yet to be heralded.

The gaganyaan:  

           This is a first ISRO machine to send humans to space. In This mission they gonna send a space craft weighing 3.7 tons to the low earth orbit which is 400km away from earth. This space craft will carry 2 to 3 astronauts and will revolve 7days around our earth then return backs. This spacecraft constitute 2 important parts called crew module where the astronauts sit and travel, and the next one is the service module where the spacecraft gets energy to travel. To accomplish this launch successful they have even made some safety test like,

GAGANYAAN MISSION

               1.      Space capsule recover experiment;:

             Here the aim of this test is to send a small space capsule to the space and should  devise it, to let it there for 12 days. Then it must be safely reached back.

2.      Crew module atmospheric re-entry experiment:

            Here in this test a crew module should be sent to space and it should be devised to reach back earth safely.

3.      Pad abort test:

             In case if the rocket has got some issues after launch Then the astronauts who were in rocket should be rescued. And this test is held to check whether the astronauts can safely escape or not, if that phenomenon occurs.

     And ISRO had successfully completed all these test. This mission will be launched by December 2021.

      These are some of the future plans of ISRO and hope all will be accomplished successfully. Via this article I even want to make a special thanks to all those who are working And worked hard for ISRO and made us proud to say an Indian. If you enjoyed my article please like, comment and if you can pls follow this website. Stay tuned..

Soon will meet in next article.😉😉